Styles of Management Inventory (SMI)
Purpose:	The Styles of Management Inventory (SMI) evaluates an individual's style of management in terms of the assumptions made about and relative importance of the relationship between production concerns and people concerns. Used for management training and as a basis for discussion.
Model:	Based on Robert Blake and Jane Mouton's Managerial Grid
Scoring:	Self-scored
Format:	A 60-item paper/pencil self-assessment inventory of the manager's practices. The 10-point Williams-Hall scale, combining rank-order and equal-interval properties, is employed throughout. Analysis is based on the Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid -- a model of management behavior that is an extension of Likert's Production-Morale Theory relating production concerns with people concerns. The inventory provides a total score for each of the five management styles described by the model, as well as scores for each style on four components: philosophy, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The inventory provides managers with a way of relating their intentions with their on the job practices and discovering areas needing change. Normative data and conversion tables afford personal comparison with both the "average" manager and a theoretical ideal. The inventory may be administered in conjunction with the MAS for a more complete assessment of management styles.
Brief Description:	The purpose of this survey is to provide managers with information about the way they manage -- or would manage -- under a variety of conditions. A wide range of management situations is covered in order to provide you with meaningful information about yourself. Based on the Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid, the SMI yields a total score for each of five styles described by the model. The SMI provides managers with a way to relate their intentions to their practices and, when compared the MAS, can offer valuable insights into managers' and co-workers' differing views.
Sample Item:	Participants respond to each question by placing each response provided on the point on the scale which would represent how characterstic that response is for them. 1. Most types of internal activity stem from organizational goals. Once these goals have been identified, plans and policies must be drafted which facilitate goal attainment. How do you, as a manager, handle the planning function in your organization? a. After consulting with subordinates, I interpret the requirements of organizational policy and develops the final plan. b. I plan, develop and interpret policy with the major objective in mind keeping the morale of my subordinates high. c. My subordinates and I jointly plan, develop, and interpret policies in order to arrive at a common perception of the goals and ways of attaining them. d. I plan and/or interpret the objectives of the organization for my subordinates so that they fully understand what management requires of them. e. I rely primarily on superiors for plans and interpretation of organizational policies and pass them on to my subordinates as clearly as I can.
Companion Piece:	Management Appraisal Survey (MAS)
Video Support:	None
Languages:	English, Spanish, Swedish, French, German, Finnish, Norwegian, Danish, Portuguese, and Dutch.
Authors:	Jay Hall, Ph.D. and Martha S. Williams, Ph.D.
Publication Date:	Copyright - 1964, 1973, National Council on Crime and Juvenile Delinquency
Revision Date:	Copyright - 1980, 1986, 1990,  1994,  1995,  2000, Teleometrics Int'l, Inc.
Norms:	In this instrument norms provide a reference point in the form of standardized T-scores. The T-scores have been generated from a sample of 13,446 managers who have completed the SMI.
Reliability and Validity:	Reliability is good; the median coefficient of stability (test/re-test) for the SMI is .72 and the instrument discriminates between high, average, and low achieving managers, indicating good concurrent validity. Construct validity is good as revealed by a Canonical correlation of the instrument with the MMPI: R = .68, significant at the .038 level of confidence. In addition, scores from theSMI have been found to correlate significantly with: philosophy (Theory X - Theory Y), power needs, interpersonal competence, and motivation. The SMI is deemed suitable for both concept and diagnostic training, team discussion, and research.